| Enregistrements |
| Auteur |
Puerta, P.; Johnson, C.; Carreiro-Silva, M.; Henry, L.-A.; Kenchington, E.; Morato, T.; Kazanidis, G.; Luis Rueda, J.; Urra, J.; Ross, S.; Wei, C.-L.; Manuel Gonzalez-Irusta, J.; Arnaud-Haond, S.; Orejas, C. |
| Titre |
Influence of Water Masses on the Biodiversity and Biogeography of Deep-Sea Benthic Ecosystems in the North Atlantic |
Type |
Article scientifique |
| Année |
2020 |
Publication |
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Revue Abrégée |
Front. Mar. Sci. |
| Volume |
7 |
Numéro |
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Pages |
239 |
| Mots-Clés |
antarctic intermediate water; biodiversity; biogeography; climate-change impacts; coral lophelia-pertusa; deep-sea; food-supply mechanisms; global habitat suitability; meridional overturning circulation; ne atlantic; North Atlantic; ocean acidification; porcupine seabight; rockall trough margin; vulnerable marine ecosystems; water masses |
| Résumé |
Circulation patterns in the North Atlantic Ocean have changed and re-organized multiple times over millions of years, influencing the biodiversity, distribution, and connectivity patterns of deep-sea species and ecosystems. In this study, we review the effects of the water mass properties (temperature, salinity, food supply, carbonate chemistry, and oxygen) on deep-sea benthic megafauna (from species to community level) and discussed in future scenarios of climate change. We focus on the key oceanic controls on deep-sea megafauna biodiversity and biogeography patterns. We place particular attention on cold-water corals and sponges, as these are ecosystem-engineering organisms that constitute vulnerable marine ecosystems (VME) with high associated biodiversity. Besides documenting the current state of the knowledge on this topic, a future scenario for water mass properties in the deep North Atlantic basin was predicted. The pace and severity of climate change in the deep-sea will vary across regions. However, predicted water mass properties showed that all regions in the North Atlantic will be exposed to multiple stressors by 2100, experiencing at least one critical change in water temperature (+2 degrees C), organic carbon fluxes (reduced up to 50%), ocean acidification (pH reduced up to 0.3), aragonite saturation horizon (shoaling above 1000 m) and/or reduction in dissolved oxygen (> 5%). The northernmost regions of the North Atlantic will suffer the greatest impacts. Warmer and more acidic oceans will drastically reduce the suitable habitat for ecosystem-engineers, with severe consequences such as declines in population densities, even compromising their long-term survival, loss of biodiversity and reduced biogeographic distribution that might compromise connectivity at large scales. These effects can be aggravated by reductions in carbon fluxes, particularly in areas where food availability is already limited. Declines in benthic biomass and biodiversity will diminish ecosystem services such as habitat provision, nutrient cycling, etc. This study shows that the deep-sea VME affected by contemporary anthropogenic impacts and with the ongoing climate change impacts are unlikely to withstand additional pressures from more intrusive human activities. This study serves also as a warning to protect these ecosystems through regulations and by tempering the ongoing socio-political drivers for increasing exploitation of marine resources. |
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English |
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WOS:000526864100001 |
Approuvé |
pas de |
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MARBEC @ isabelle.vidal-ayouba @ |
collection  |
2767 |
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| Auteur |
Ramirez-Romero, E.; Molinero, J.C.; Sommer, U.; Salhi, N.; Yahia, O.K.-D.; Yahia, M.N.D. |
| Titre |
Phytoplankton size changes and diversity loss in the southwestern Mediterranean Sea in relation to long-term hydrographic variability |
Type |
Article scientifique |
| Année |
2020 |
Publication |
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Revue Abrégée |
Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. |
| Volume |
235 |
Numéro |
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Pages |
106574 |
| Mots-Clés |
bay; climate-change; Diversity loss; dynamics; evolution; jellyfish; marine; Nanophytoplankton; Ocean warming; patterns; Phytoplankton diversity; plankton communities; Size structural changes; Southwestern mediterranean; temperature; time-series |
| Résumé |
Structural changes in plankton primary producers have large implications for food web dynamics, energy fluxes and the vertical export of biogenic particulate carbon. Here we examine phytoplankton data spanning the period 1993-2008 from the Bay of Tunis, southwestern Mediterranean Sea, in relation to long term hydroclimate variability. We show a conspicuous shift in the structure of the phytoplankton community characterized by an increase of small-sized species and diversity loss, revealing a dominance of smaller blooming diatoms and cyanobacteria. Such changes were concurrent with marked modifications in hydroclimatic patterns experienced in the Bay of Tunis consisting of a shift towards enhanced winter precipitation together with rising temperatures. This novel study shows an overall rise in the proportion of small phytoplankton cells and a decreasing trend in phytoplankton diversity in the southern Mediterranean area. These findings warn of a potential decline of trophic efficiency and lesser food web stability resulting from mean size reduction and the diversity loss. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0272-7714 |
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| Notes |
WOS:000527915700034 |
Approuvé |
pas de |
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MARBEC @ isabelle.vidal-ayouba @ |
collection |
2766 |
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| Auteur |
Thomas, F.; Dittami, S.M.; Brunet, M.; Le Duff, N.; Tanguy, G.; Leblanc, C.; Gobet, A. |
| Titre |
Evaluation of a new primer combination to minimize plastid contamination in 16S rDNA metabarcoding analyses of alga-associated bacterial communities |
Type |
Article scientifique |
| Année |
2020 |
Publication |
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Revue Abrégée |
Environ. Microbiol. Rep. |
| Volume |
12 |
Numéro |
1 |
Pages |
30-37 |
| Mots-Clés |
diversity; phylogenetic analysis; ribosomal-rna sequences; surfaces |
| Résumé |
Plant- and alga-associated bacterial communities are generally described via 16S rDNA metabarcoding using universal primers. As plastid genomes encode 16S rDNA related to cyanobacteria, these data sets frequently contain >90% plastidial sequences, and the bacterial diversity may be under-sampled. To overcome this limitation we evaluated in silico the taxonomic coverage for four primer combinations targeting the 16S rDNA V3-V4 region. They included a forward primer universal to Bacteria (S-D-Bact-0341-b-S-17) and four reverse primers designed to avoid plastid DNA amplification. The best primer combination (NOCHL) was compared to the universal primer set in the wet lab using a synthetic community and samples from three macroalgal species. The proportion of plastid sequences was reduced by 99%-100% with the NOCHL primers compared to the universal primers, irrespective of algal hosts, sample collection and extraction protocols. Additionally, the NOCHL primers yielded a higher richness while maintaining the community structure. As Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria were underrepresented (70%-90%) compared to universal primers, combining the NOCHL set with taxon-specific primers may be useful for a complete description of the alga-associated bacterial diversity. The NOCHL primers represent an innovation to study algal holobionts without amplifying host plastid sequences and may further be applied to other photosynthetic hosts. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1758-2229 |
ISBN |
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Expédition |
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| Notes |
WOS:000498132200001 |
Approuvé |
pas de |
| Numéro d'Appel |
MARBEC @ isabelle.vidal-ayouba @ |
collection |
2759 |
| Lien permanent pour cet enregistrement |
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| Auteur |
Legras, G.; Loiseau, N.; Gaertner, J.-C.; Poggiale, J.-C.; Gaertner-Mazouni, N. |
| Titre |
Assessing functional diversity: the influence of the number of the functional traits |
Type |
Article scientifique |
| Année |
2020 |
Publication |
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Revue Abrégée |
Theor. Ecol. |
| Volume |
13 |
Numéro |
1 |
Pages |
117-126 |
| Mots-Clés |
biodiversity; Dissimilarity metric; framework; Functional diversity; Functional traits; global hotspots; Index sensitivity; indexes; mismatch; redundancy; reveals; species richness; Trend analysis; vulnerability |
| Résumé |
The impact of the variation of the number of functional traits on functional diversity assessment is still poorly known. Although the covariation between these two parameters may be desirable in some situations (e.g. if adding functional traits provides relevant new functional information), it may also result from mathematical artefacts and lead to misinterpretation of the results obtained. Here, we have tested the behaviour of a set of nine indices widely used for assessing the three main components of functional diversity (i.e. functional richness, evenness and divergence), according to the variation in the number of functional traits. We found that the number of functional traits may strongly impact the values of most of the indices considered, whatever the functional information they contain. The FRic, TOP and n-hypervolume indices that have been developed to characterize the functional richness component appeared to be highly sensitive to the variation in the number of traits considered. Regarding functional divergence, most of the indices considered (i.e. Q, FDis and FSpe) also showed a high degree of sensitivity to the number of traits considered. In contrast, we found that indices used to compute functional evenness (FEve and Ru), as well as one of the indices related to functional divergence (FDiv), are weakly influenced by the variation in the number of traits. All these results suggest that interpretation of most of the functional diversity indices considered cannot only be based on their values as they are, but requires taking into account the way in which they have been computed. |
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English |
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1874-1738 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
WOS:000515172600009 |
Approuvé |
pas de |
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MARBEC @ isabelle.vidal-ayouba @ |
collection |
2750 |
| Lien permanent pour cet enregistrement |
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| Auteur |
Su, G.; Villeger, S.; Brosse, S. |
| Titre |
Morphological sorting of introduced freshwater fish species within and between donor realms |
Type |
Article scientifique |
| Année |
2020 |
Publication |
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Revue Abrégée |
Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. |
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Numéro |
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Pages |
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| Mots-Clés |
biogeographic realms; body-size; ecology; establishment; exported species; functional diversity; hydropower; imputation; invasion steps; invasion success; morphological traits; morphospace; nonnative fishes; rivers; trade; traits; translocated species |
| Résumé |
Aim: To determine which morphological characteristics make a fish species a good candidate for introduction and establishment, we tested whether (a) introduced species differ in morphology from non-introduced species (species only existing in native areas and not introduced to new areas) in each donor assemblage (biogeographic realm fauna); (b) within the introduced species, the morphology of established species (self-sustaining introduced species) differs from that of the non-established species; (c) within the established species, those exported out of their native realm have more extreme morphological traits than those translocated within their native realm. Major taxa studied: Freshwater fish. Location: Global. Time period: 1960s-2010s. Methods: We used a global database of freshwater fishes from the six realms. Ten morphological traits were measured on 9,150 species. Principal component analysis was conducted to combine the 10 traits into a multidimensional morphospace. We used permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and permutational analysis for the multivariate homogeneity of dispersions (PERMDISP2) to compare the distribution of species groups in the morphospace and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests to compare their distributions on principal component (PC) axes. Results: The morphology of introduced species differed from that of non-introduced species in all the six biogeographic realms. Among introduced species, established species had more extreme morphological traits than non-established species in most realms. Among established species, exported species had more extreme morphological traits than translocated species. Main conclusions: Morphological differences between introduced and nonintroduced species rely on an anthropogenic trait selection for fisheries and angling, leading to the preference for the introduction of predators with large and laterally compressed bodies. Established introduced species represent a small subset of introduced species morphologies, with these species having more extreme morphological traits, probably making them more efficient in particular habitats than their non-established counterparts. This was particularly marked for fish morphologies adapted to lentic waters. Such a trend was apparent for exported species, which have more extreme traits than translocated species. |
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English |
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Numéro de collection |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1466-822x |
ISBN |
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Médium |
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Expédition |
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Conférence |
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| Notes |
WOS:000512276700001 |
Approuvé |
pas de |
| Numéro d'Appel |
MARBEC @ isabelle.vidal-ayouba @ |
collection |
2740 |
| Lien permanent pour cet enregistrement |
